sci-fi creative writting tips?

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Muttley
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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by Muttley »

What is this obsession with mass drivers as spaceship weapons? They make no sense at all in that context.

"Mass drivers" in SF all descend from Little David's Sling in Robert Heinlein's "The Moon is a Harsh Mistress", one of his better novels (it's one of my favourites). In this context, the mass driver makes a lot of sense:
  • It was already in place, as a means of boosting product back to Earth.
    It was built on a massive stable platform (the Moon) and could launch useful payloads without affecting its position in space.
    It had a ready supply of ammunition right at hand, with no supply train to worry about.
    The destructive power of the weapon comes from chucking the rock over the edge of the gravity well. All that the mass driver has to do is get the rock up to the libration point. Destructive power much greater than energy expended.
    The enemy had no defenses against falling rocks.
    The target was pretty difficult to miss.

JMS made use of mass drivers as a heinous weapon, banned by all civilised spacefaring races, for planetary bombardment from spacecraft. He carefully did not answer any of the obvious questions:
  • Where did the mass come from? If you're hauling mass to a bombarding fleet, would it not be more effective to haul mass that can evade defenses and go bang once it gets there? After all if you have a stardrive you should be able to make a derivative bomb (it's usually easier than making a stable stardrive, after all) and stick it in a stealthy, manouvering delivery system. The advantage of bombarding with rocks from orbit is that you gain energy from the gravity well - but the missiles are more or less ballistic, and present easy intercept options.

    Why was the Narn homeworld unable to intercept the falling rocks?
Still, at least he used the gravity well to power his kinetic energy weapons.


In spaceship combat you're throwing ballistic rocks at stealthy manoeuvring targets with countermeasures and defensive weapons. A missile with terminal manoeuvring options has to be a better use of payload space and ships energy reserves.

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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by fredgiblet »

Muttley wrote:What is this obsession with mass drivers as spaceship weapons? They make no sense at all in that context.
Because they're cool.
In spaceship combat you're throwing ballistic rocks at stealthy manoeuvring targets
>stealthy
>maneuvering

Pick one. The amount of energy required to move a ship with any significant degree of acceleration is going to be pretty big. You can always go soft and go with a reactionless drive of some sort, but any chemical or electrical rocket (e.g. ion drive) will negate any chance for stealth.

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Trantor
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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by Trantor »

Arioch wrote:You could allow the heat to boil some coolant and then vent the gas into space. Not sure how efficient that would be.
There are thermochemical energy storage devices, and imho they can be combined/cascaded, so no venting necessary. 250kWh/m³ is already possible, more with molten salts (in future). Heat release after the battle via radiators.
sapere aude.

javcs
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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by javcs »

Yeah ... how soft/hard you want your universe will be is a major factor on evaluating the viability of various systems.

If you're going with a harder universe, mass drivers, barring specific tech constraints, are likely to be largely ineffective, and require extremely short ranges to be viable.

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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by manticore7 »

well there won't be any lightsabers but I'm leaning towards soft, I know Crest/Banner of the Stars seemed to make use of these weapons (by the way was I the only one who found the Ahb kind of annoying?) but that was an Anime series so I guess that is a bad example.
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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by fredgiblet »

If you're going for soft then it's easy. The hitting power of a mass driver will far outstrip the effectiveness of any other plausible weapon except a Tsar Bomba level nuke. If anyone asks how you're shooting a slug at 300kps just respond "SCIENCE!" and leave it at that.

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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by javcs »

fredgiblet wrote:If you're going for soft then it's easy. The hitting power of a mass driver will far outstrip the effectiveness of any other plausible weapon except a Tsar Bomba level nuke. If anyone asks how you're shooting a slug at 300kps just respond "SCIENCE!" and leave it at that.
Yes and no ... take soft mass drivers too far and you could wind up looking uncomfortably like the UNSC from Halo. Their 600 ton slugs have no recoil.


At any rate, if you're going for a softer universe predominately mass-driver based primaries and energy point defense and secondaries ... I'd recommend taking a good look at how Mass Effect did it, as that's one of the better examples around.
Unfortunately, it means that effective combat ranges are going to be quite short. Remember, mass drivers have fundamentally crap for effective range, unless you're going to get up into some combination of stupid high round velocities, stupid huge ship (target) sizes, and stupid low ship accelerations.


You'll need specific techs workarounds to make mass drivers viable.
Remember to take into account round velocities and ship accelerations when working out combat ranges.


Oh, hey, here's a possible idea, stations (and other such big, effectively immobile targets) can support sufficient shielding against energy weapons to make them effectively immune to energy weapons but are vulnerable to kinetics, whereas ships, while maneuverable enough to make mass drivers usually inefficient weapons, don't have the capacity to support more than minimal defensive capabilities against energy weapons.

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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by Suederwind »

Hello!
Remember, mass drivers have fundamentally crap for effective range, unless you're going to get up into some combination of stupid high round velocities, stupid huge ship (target) sizes, and stupid low ship accelerations.
Well, I think if you could build an FTL capable spaceship with some fancy massdrivers and lasers, then you could probably build the necessary targeting devices to help you predict where that enemy ship is going. They showed something like this in Starship Operators, I think. Or you could think about the WW2 naval battles.
But this leads me to two maybe no so stupid questions:
No. 1: Why should this massdrivers fire slugs? Wouldn´t it be better to fire some kind of 600t anti aircraft shell which shrapnels could at least do some damage instead of a total miss? You have to make some kind of ammunition if your massdriver is on a ship or spacestation, so why not use something more sophisticated?
No. 2: What would be the best way to shield a ship against lasers? Maybe some kind of regenerative or cooled armor? I have problems to imagine how a Star Trek type deflector shield could work here...

Hm... thinking about it, manticore should simply follow rule nr. 1 for Dungeon Masters and Authors: Its magic! sci-fi! you don´t have to explain anything!
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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by fredgiblet »

Suederwind wrote:Well, I think if you could build an FTL capable spaceship with some fancy massdrivers and lasers, then you could probably build the necessary targeting devices to help you predict where that enemy ship is going.
You can do that now with a cell phone. The problem is that the enemy can see exactly where the slugs are going and move out of the way if the flight is more than a few seconds.

This didn't work very well in blue-water naval fights because the flight time here isn't very long, the ability to detect incoming shells was poor and the reaction time was poor. You can make it the same in space by making the ships slow and lumbering, but that's at the expense of being able to have them do any sort of interesting maneuvering.
No. 1: Why should this massdrivers fire slugs? Wouldn´t it be better to fire some kind of 600t anti aircraft shell which shrapnels could at least do some damage instead of a total miss? You have to make some kind of ammunition if your massdriver is on a ship or spacestation, so why not use something more sophisticated?
The explosives probably won't be magnetically active, thus they will be dead weight inside the gun, this requires you to increase the amount of power to achieve the same acceleration, when you're already talking about ridiculous, mind-bending amounts of power it's not terribly practical to increase it significantly again. Additionally the fusing mechanism must be able to survive tens or hundreds of thousands of gs.

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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by daelyte »

Suederwind wrote:Hello!
No. 2: What would be the best way to shield a ship against lasers? Maybe some kind of regenerative or cooled armor? I have problems to imagine how a Star Trek type deflector shield could work here...
http://www.projectrho.com/public_html/r ... #id--Armor

"the maximum aspect ratio of the hole is usually less than 50:1, and the actual drilling speed, for efficient drilling, is limited to about 1 meter per second (depending on the material)"

"However, under combat conditions there is no way one could focus the laser down that tiny and keep it on the same spot on the target ship for multiple seconds."

@fredgiblet:
How about firing pellets in volleys, like a musket? It would be more difficult to dodge them all. Even more so in multi-ship battles if you have the unfortunate privilege of being the primary target.

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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by fredgiblet »

daelyte wrote:@fredgiblet:
How about firing pellets in volleys, like a musket? It would be more difficult to dodge them all. Even more so in multi-ship battles if you have the unfortunate privilege of being the primary target.
Volleys like a musket? Musket volleys are fired by a bunch of different people, so you're talking about a ton of mass drivers which gets ridiculously expensive REAL fast. I think broadsides are assumed anyway.

Do you mean like a shotgun? If so then there's several problems, you would need something to contain them in the barrel which would need to break apart on leaving the barrel but be strong enough to withstand the pressures inside the barrel, which would be difficult. Without atmospheric/gravitational interference the actual spread would be reduced (though even a few degrees at thousands of miles would give a decent spread). Another problem I see is that you are drastically reducing the hitting power of individual pellets, reality isn't like a game where you can chip away at health or armor until it fails, you have to actually hit hard enough to have an immediate effect.

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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by javcs »

daelyte wrote:
Suederwind wrote:Hello!
No. 2: What would be the best way to shield a ship against lasers? Maybe some kind of regenerative or cooled armor? I have problems to imagine how a Star Trek type deflector shield could work here...
http://www.projectrho.com/public_html/r ... #id--Armor

"the maximum aspect ratio of the hole is usually less than 50:1, and the actual drilling speed, for efficient drilling, is limited to about 1 meter per second (depending on the material)"

"However, under combat conditions there is no way one could focus the laser down that tiny and keep it on the same spot on the target ship for multiple seconds."

@fredgiblet:
How about firing pellets in volleys, like a musket? It would be more difficult to dodge them all. Even more so in multi-ship battles if you have the unfortunate privilege of being the primary target.
As for lasers ... it depends on how much energy the laser is putting out. If a laser has enough energy output, it's not going to function quite like that.
fredgiblet wrote:
Suederwind wrote:Well, I think if you could build an FTL capable spaceship with some fancy massdrivers and lasers, then you could probably build the necessary targeting devices to help you predict where that enemy ship is going.
You can do that now with a cell phone. The problem is that the enemy can see exactly where the slugs are going and move out of the way if the flight is more than a few seconds.

This didn't work very well in blue-water naval fights because the flight time here isn't very long, the ability to detect incoming shells was poor and the reaction time was poor. You can make it the same in space by making the ships slow and lumbering, but that's at the expense of being able to have them do any sort of interesting maneuvering.
No. 1: Why should this massdrivers fire slugs? Wouldn´t it be better to fire some kind of 600t anti aircraft shell which shrapnels could at least do some damage instead of a total miss? You have to make some kind of ammunition if your massdriver is on a ship or spacestation, so why not use something more sophisticated?
The explosives probably won't be magnetically active, thus they will be dead weight inside the gun, this requires you to increase the amount of power to achieve the same acceleration, when you're already talking about ridiculous, mind-bending amounts of power it's not terribly practical to increase it significantly again. Additionally the fusing mechanism must be able to survive tens or hundreds of thousands of gs.
That's only if you're going with magnetic drivers. Which, admittedly is generally going to be the most common form of mass driver. Gravitic drivers would settle the dead weight issues, but it wouldn't do a thing for the acceleration issues.

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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by fredgiblet »

javcs wrote:That's only if you're going with magnetic drivers. Which, admittedly is generally going to be the most common form of mass driver. Gravitic drivers would settle the dead weight issues, but it wouldn't do a thing for the acceleration issues.
True. That's how Mass Effect does it, not that they would care about reality anyway.

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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by javcs »

fredgiblet wrote:
javcs wrote:That's only if you're going with magnetic drivers. Which, admittedly is generally going to be the most common form of mass driver. Gravitic drivers would settle the dead weight issues, but it wouldn't do a thing for the acceleration issues.
True. That's how Mass Effect does it, not that they would care about reality anyway.
Mass Effect does have the virtue of being fairly internally consistent, though. Granted, a lot of that consistency is by generated by way of broadly applying the blanket Mass Effect/Eezo -based technology explanation, but it works reasonably well.

Given the choice, I'll go with how Mass Effect dealt with its technological capabilities rather than Halo's approach.

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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by fredgiblet »

Or Star Trek

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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by javcs »

fredgiblet wrote:Or Star Trek
Star Trek's approach to technology is generally a combination of applied handwavium and concentrated technobabble. Or is it the other way around?
Still, Star Trek is generally sufficiently out there in the realm of soft sci fi that nobody really expects Trek to be particularly realistic, and they don't try to be realistic where any of their technological capabilities are concerned in the first place.

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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by Absalom »

Fotiadis_110 wrote:
To your point about heat dissipation: your weapon systems would definitely share multiple heat sinking systems, but in all cases, your ship is going to glow in IR. Maybe even visibly, if you don't properly manage it. As you say, no matter the weapon system, heat will be a major problem in space. A novel means I came across was the droplet system in Mass Effect. Heat was dumped into liquid sodium or lithium heat sinks, which was then sprayed as a fine mist out of the front of the ship to be collected again at the rear. This had the effect of exponentially increasing the radiative surface area for cooling, without the drawback of having to use massive radiator panels.
Thing is, the energy requirements and waste issues of energy based weapons are likely even worse than mass drivers for the same kind of firepower.
In fact you can probably spit out a dozen shots of mass driver for the energy requirements of a single shot of plasma.
As for the droplet cooling system: it sounds awsome, but the issue then comes down to 'how hard is it to replace lost mass?'
While you capture remaining droplets, evaporative losses occur when exposed to low pressure envrionments.
Massive surface area simply makes the issue larger, not to mention hot things have a higher vapour pressure leading to increased losses.
I'd go for a plasma-based system in that case, since you can get more area and higher temperatures (thus higher thermal emissions), in combination with a way to round up some of the escaped coolant. As an added bonus, the emitted energy/active coolant mass ratios can potentially get fairly high, so replacing lost coolant is easier than it normally would be.

Unfortunately, bootstrapping the heat into your coolant plasma would be somewhat complicated (specifically, in the ferrofluid to plasma transition), and would certainly add to your total waste heat.
Muttley wrote:JMS made use of mass drivers as a heinous weapon, banned by all civilised spacefaring races, for planetary bombardment from spacecraft. He carefully did not answer any of the obvious questions:
  • Where did the mass come from? If you're hauling mass to a bombarding fleet, would it not be more effective to haul mass that can evade defenses and go bang once it gets there? After all if you have a stardrive you should be able to make a derivative bomb (it's usually easier than making a stable stardrive, after all) and stick it in a stealthy, manouvering delivery system. The advantage of bombarding with rocks from orbit is that you gain energy from the gravity well - but the missiles are more or less ballistic, and present easy intercept options.

    Why was the Narn homeworld unable to intercept the falling rocks?
As I best recall, by that point the Centauri had already defeated the defenses of the Narn homeworld. They weren't using those mass-drivers as precision weapons, they were using them as weapons of mass destruction on par with nukes. Which is also why they had been banned.

In that situation, I would just get the mass from in-system asteroids, so you don't even need to move it very far.

As for their stardrive, it was specifically a short-cut drive, so no extra speed when you 'come out'. Also, the starddrives themselves (and the generators to power them) were mostly pretty big, which is why they had those gates all over the place, those let smaller ships in and out of their jumpspace. You could certainly build an FTL ramship in that setting, but there wouldn't be much reason to, and a jumpship bomb probably wouldn't have as impressive energy yields (and would be much more expensive).
manticore7 wrote:I know Crest/Banner of the Stars seemed to make use of these weapons (by the way was I the only one who found the Ahb kind of annoying?) but that was an Anime series so I guess that is a bad example.
Actually, it was a series that assumed that science wouldn't open up new weapons possibilities, so it's a bad example. Their mass-drivers were basically a kilometer or so long, and overpowered, and basically the peak of what's maybe perhaps possible.

As for the Abh, that's what happens when the writing is that clumsy. They mostly steamrolled everyone else by way of authorial fiat.
javcs wrote:Remember, mass drivers have fundamentally crap for effective range, unless you're going to get up into some combination of stupid high round velocities, stupid huge ship (target) sizes, and stupid low ship accelerations.
Already suggested those last two.
Suederwind wrote:No. 1: Why should this massdrivers fire slugs? Wouldn´t it be better to fire some kind of 600t anti aircraft shell which shrapnels could at least do some damage instead of a total miss? You have to make some kind of ammunition if your massdriver is on a ship or spacestation, so why not use something more sophisticated?
I assume that any main-battery mass-driver would feature a variety of rounds, including e.g. forward-observer rounds and terminal-guidance rounds.
fredgiblet wrote:This didn't work very well in blue-water naval fights because the flight time here isn't very long, the ability to detect incoming shells was poor and the reaction time was poor. You can make it the same in space by making the ships slow and lumbering, but that's at the expense of being able to have them do any sort of interesting maneuvering.
If you want interesting maneuvers, then add escorts and various assault drones ;) . If you're going to use FTL (and wide-ranging space-borne societies) then don't shy away from "space is big".

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saint of m
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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by saint of m »

I can see point defence for more close combat, or closer then you want the main cannon to fire.

You could also have a reload/recharge time either due to coming out of faster then light speed or just fired the big gun and need some defenses some light skirmishing fighters can't accomplish.

You may also have to deal with said fighter ships (I don;t think airplains is the right word for space).

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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by Absalom »

saint of m wrote:I can see point defence for more close combat, or closer then you want the main cannon to fire.

You could also have a reload/recharge time either due to coming out of faster then light speed or just fired the big gun and need some defenses some light skirmishing fighters can't accomplish.

You may also have to deal with said fighter ships (I don;t think airplains is the right word for space).
If they're small, then I'd call them boats instead of ships.

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Re: sci-fi creative writting tips?

Post by Arioch »

I'd say "craft."

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